Demographic of Canada

In the 2001 Canadian census, respondents reported their ethnicity using the following self-identifications[6] :
Canadian (40.1%)
English (29.17%)
French (23.2%)
Scottish (14.03%)
Irish (12.90%)
German (9.25%)
Italian (4.29%)
Chinese (3.69%)
Ukrainian (3.61%)
First Nations (3.38%)
Dutch (3.12%)
Polish (2.76%)
East Indian (2.41%)
Black African (2.23%)
Norwegian (1.23%)
Portuguese (1.21%)
Welsh (1.18%)
Jewish (1.18%)
Russian (1.14%)
Filipino (1.11%)
M�tis (1.04%)
Swedish (0.95%)


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Quebec Multicultural Place

The official language of Quebec is French, as defined by the province's Charter of the French Language; this law lays out various protections for the use of French as a vehicular language, but also provides certain rights for English speakers and speakers of aboriginal languages. Quebec provides most government services in both English and French.

French is mostly spoken in Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick and southern Manitoba. In the 2001 census, 6,864,615 people listed French as a first language, of whom 85% lived in Quebec, and 17,694,835 people listed English as a first language.
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Canada Charter of Rights

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms lays down that:
French and English are equal to each other as official languages;
debate in Parliament may take place in either official language;
laws shall be printed in both official languages, with equal authority;
anyone may deal with any court established by Parliament, in either official language;
everyone has the right to receive services from the federal government in his or her choice of official language;
members of a minority language group of one of the official languages IF learned and still understood (i.e. French speakers in a majority English-speaking province, or vice versa) or received primary school education in that language has the right to have their children receive a public education in their language, where numbers warrant.

At the provincial level, New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province, a status specifically guaranteed by the Charter of Rights, with its citizens having the same language rights at the provincial level as all citizens of Canada have at the federal level. While no other province is officially bilingual, most provincial governments do offer some type of service to their English or French minority populations.
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Canada -USA

The Canada-U.S. border is the world's longest undefended border, and the United States and Canadian governments share a variety of close working partnerships in matters of trade, economics, and legal concerns. As Canada and the United States have grown closer, many Canadians have developed complex feelings and concerns regarding what makes Canada a "distinct" nation within North America. The large American cultural presence in Canada has prompted some fears of a "cultural takeover," and has initiated the establishment of many laws and government institutions to protect Canadian culture. Much of Canadian culture remains defined in contrast to American culture (See Canadian identity). For example, Canadians see their country as a mosaic of unique immigrant cultures, a large picture made up of many distinct pieces, rather than a melting-pot. Media outlets that receive government funding such as the CBC attempt to promote such a view of Canada, although in recent years critics have accused Canadian "cultural" programming as being excessively political.
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Canadian Culture

While Canadian culture is heavily influenced by British and American culture and traditions, it retains many unique characteristics. In the past few decades, a more robust and distinct Canadian culture has developed, partially because of the nationalism that pervaded Canada in the years leading up to and following the Canadian Centennial in 1967.
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